v30 Crossing
- 1 About
- 2 Crossing Template
- 3 Design Crosses
- 3.1 Specify Parents
- 3.2 Crossing Methods
- 3.3 Breeding Method
- 3.3.1 Parental Status
- 3.4 Naming and Harvest Details
- 3.4.1 Automatic Name Generation
- 3.4.2 Specify Name Format
- 3.4.3 Save Crosses
About
Crosses use generative breeding methods that increase allelic diversity by combining alleles from different progenitors. The BMS allows crosses to be designed/recorded two ways: (1) using a crossing template (.xls) or (2) the Design Cross tool.
Related Video
Crossing Template
The crossing template allows users to record crosses within and between studies, and allows individual crosses to be described by different methods. Use the crossing template (.xls) to record crosses.
From within a study, click Actions > Crossing options > select Export crossing template.
Description Sheet
Open the .xls file in Excel. The description sheet provides crossing record metadata. Description sheet editing is optional, such as adding additional variables.
Observation Sheet
The plot number for the male and female plants (template cells highlighted in pink) is mandatory data that must be added. Parental germplasm is tracked to genealogy via nursery plot number. Female parental plots must be located within the associated nursery. When no nursery name is specified for the male parent, pollen is assumed to come from plots within this nursery. If pollen is imported from another nursery, the nursery name must be specified in addition to the plot to correctly identify the male parent. Optional information to fill in the template includes default columns of data(Breeding method, Crossing date and notes).
Codes Sheet
The codes sheet provides information on all the available users, breeding methods, and germplasm names that are used to fill up the Observation Sheet.
Study List Sheet
The study list contains details of the nursery. All females are expected to reside in the designated nursery. The nursery is assumed to have only females, but can have both male and female parents. Any or all of this information can be pasted into the observation sheet to help with the crossing process.
Passport and Attributes Sheet
These sheets contain the germplasm passport and attribute variables to fill out the observation sheet.
Edit Template
Enter mandatory data (female and male plot numbers) into the observation sheet. Save the .xls file.
Crossing Record with Observations:
Specify FEMALE and MALE PLOTS. When the MALE PLOT comes from another study, the study name is indicated (as shown in row 2 of the template). When the MALE PLOT comes from within the current study, no male study name is needed. If the male is unknown, GID 0 is entered as the male parent. If the male parent is a pollen mixture, all the pollen donors are listed with commas separating.
The Breeding method can be specified per cross. The breeding methods left blank will be defined later via the user interface.
Crossing Date: Accepted format is Year, month, day (YYYYMMDD)
Notes: add any notes associated with the crosses
Import Crosses
Select Import Crosses from the Actions menu > Crossing options
Choose the import file and select Continue.
Specify how the breeding method(s) will be applied to the imported crosses. For this example, we use the breeding Methods that are already specified in the template.
Specify the naming conventions and harvest details, and click Continue. Breeders may use the automatic name generation if it has been customized for their breeding institute. Otherwise, select the Specify name format option.
Review the crosses and select Finish.
Save the list.
The imported cross list is now available for review from within the study and also from Manage Germplasm.
The list of imported crosses can be accessed from the Manage germplasm lists section. The crossing date is saved as ‘germplasm date’ and Notes as ‘NOTE_AA_text’. View the crossing date and Notes information of the imported crosses by clicking on the Columns tab, then check the ‘Germplasm date’ and ‘Notes’ to display the information in the cross list.
Add attributes or passport data to your crossing template and import crosses to BMS.
The passport or attributes variables will be saved in BMS and can be accessed from the cross-list.
Duplicate & Reciprocal Cross Detection
The BMS detects duplicate and reciprocal crosses during cross design import.
Plot duplicates: When a cross is performed more than once between the same plots in a nursery.
Pedigree duplicates: When germplasm with a single GID is planted in multiple nursery plots and involved in duplicate crosses.
Plot reciprocals: When a reciprocal cross is performed between the same plots in a nursery (example: plot1 X plot2 & plot2 x plot 1).
Pedigree reciprocals: When a reciprocal cross is performed between the same germplasm (example: GID1x GID2 & GID2 x GID1)
Design Crosses
From within a study, select Design New Crosses from the Actions menu > Crossing options.
Specify Parents
By default, the list associated with the current study is displayed. Other lists can be browsed for use as parents.
Browse for germplasm and select parents by dragging and dropping them to the appropriate female and male parental lists. Manage and edit parental germplasm from the Actions menu. If the male parent is unknown, the male parent list can be left blank. If the male parent is a mixture of pollen, the male parent list will become the list of possible pollen donors.
Crossing Methods
The Breeding Management System supports numerous mating schemes.
Choose the appropriate crossing method for your mating scheme.
This mating scheme is a partial diallele; reciprocal crosses are included and selfs excluded. 128 crosses will be made.
Choose whether to include reciprocal crosses or to exclude selfing from the crosses. Select Generate Crosses and Continue.
Breeding Method
Advance a cross by applying a generative method. By default, the breeding methods unspecified in the cross template will be based on the status of their parental lines. Otherwise, the option to select a single method for all crosses is available.
Select 'Use parental status' or specify a breeding method to use. Continue.
Parental Status
The BMS can apply the following breeding method based on the pedigree of the parent:
Single Cross: Both parents are lines from different crosses.
Double-Cross: Both parents are F1s with no parents in common.
Triple-Cross: One parent is a single cross F1. The other parent is an inbred line and IS NOT a parent of the single cross F1.
Backcross: One of the parents is an F1. The other parent is an inbred line and IS one of the parents of the F1 parent.
Recessive Backcross: One parent is a F2, whose source is an F1. The other parents is an inbred line and IS a parent of the F1 source.
Naming and Harvest Details
Choose to use your institute's automatic naming conventions, if available, or specify name format. Choose the optional alert to check if crosses already exist.
If the crosses exist in the database, you can limit the review of the proposed crosses by showing only records with alerts. An option to omit alerted crosses is also available.
Some of the proposed crosses exist in the database. A breeder may decide at this point to cancel the proposed crosses by going back.
Automatic Name Generation
Automatic name generation uses the BMS default settings or settings customized by the system administrator. See your system administrator for more details on your institution's rule-based naming conventions.
Specify Name Format
Specify name format is more flexible than automatic name generation and customizable within a breeding program. Depending on the institutional management structure, you may use one naming option in favor of the other.
Name formats can be saved for later use or editing.
Review crosses and Finish.
Save Crosses
Save crosses to create a new germplasm list and to populate the Crosses and Selections tab. Additional crosses and selections from this nursery can be collated in this table. You are now able to harvest Crosses and Selections by first creating lots. See more in Manage Inventory.
